Introduction: Antibiotic treatment of chronic biofilm-associated infections can be challenging. Characterization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationships for biofilm-associated infections may be relevant to informing the design of antibiotic treatment regimens for biofilm-associated infections. To this end, we aim to develop a mathematical PK/PD model for planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections and demonstrate how PK/PD simulations can be used to design optimized dosing schedules, using colistin and imipenem as proof-of-concept examples. Methods: exposed to colistin or imipenem. The PD models were coupled to population PK models for plasma and lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) to translate PD relationships for clinical dosing schedules and PK/PD indices. Results: The developed models incorporated susceptible and resistant bacterial subpopulations and were able to adequately capture the observed time-kill data. Simulation studies identified differences in suppression of bacterial growth dynamics for multiple clinical intravenous and inhalation-based treatment regimens and were used to infer biofilm-specific PK/PD indices associated with ELF target site concentrations. Conclusion: In conclusion, we demonstrate the utility of mathematical modeling for the characterization of PK/PD relationships underlying time-kill kinetic profiles in biofilm-associated infections and their utility in translating experimental findings toward clinically relevant dose-optimization strategies.