A coding method includes the following. Multiple candidate filtering models for the current block are determined. The multiple candidate filtering models are ordered to determine a target filtering-model-candidate list for the current block. A target filtering model for the current block is determined according to the target filtering-model-candidate list. Coefficients of the target filter are determined according to the target reference region. Intra prediction is performed on the current block according to the coefficients of the target filter to determine a prediction value of the current block. In this case, the candidate filtering models can be obtained through different combinations of reference regions and filters, so types of filtering models are expanded. Then, the candidate filtering models are ordered to obtain the filtering-model-candidate list, and the target filtering model is determined from the filtering-model-candidate list for intra prediction.