The invention describes peptides with anticancer activity and exhibiting antagonistic activity against CD133 protein, which were obtained and designed by means of computer tools, evaluating physicochemical parameters of flexibility, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, antigenicity and total charge as described herein, in addition to the modeling of the protein, which allowed selecting 4 regions with the appropriate characteristics. After modeling the selected peptides, CD133 peptide-protein molecular docking was performed, where stable interactions were observed, even showing hydrogen bonds. Finally, the peptides of the invention showed anticancer effects against several cancer cell lines, including cancer cells resistant to conventional treatments such as triple negative breast cancer cells.