A method for video coding is provided. The method includes: obtaining a plurality of coding blocks from a current picture; obtaining a first reference picture and a second reference picture associated with a current coding block of the plurality of coding blocks; obtaining a first prediction based on a first motion vector from the current coding block to a first reference block in the first reference picture; obtaining a second prediction based on a second motion vector from the current coding block to a second reference block in the second reference picture; in response to determining that a Combined Inter and Intra Prediction (CIIP) is not applied to calculate a bi-prediction of the current coding block, enabling a bidirectional optical flow (BDOF) in calculating the bi-prediction of the current coding block.