An energy storage valve operation control method and apparatus, an energy storage valve submodule, an energy storage valve, and an energy storage system. In a case where a fault occurs in the energy storage valve submodule in the energy storage valve, if the faulty energy storage valve submodule fails to be bypassed, the energy storage valve is controlled to be locked first, making a current of the energy storage valve be zero; and further, a switch apparatus is controlled to be opened successfully, a capacitor of a power module withstands a high voltage, changing a working state of a breakover thyristor, thereby enabling the faulty energy storage valve submodule to be successfully bypassed through the breakover thyristor, and controlling the energy storage valve to exit the locked state and enter an operating state.