Embodiments of this application provide example processing element scheduling apparatuses, methods, chips, and related devices. One example processing element (PE) scheduling apparatus includes a first arbiter and M PEs connected to the first arbiter, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Each PE is configured to send a first request signal to the first arbiter, where the first request signal is used to request to switch the corresponding PE from a first power state to a second power state, and a power in the first power state is lower than a power in the second power state. The first arbiter is configured to receive one or more first request signals sent by one or more PEs of the M PEs, perform arbitration to obtain a first response sequence of the one or more first request signals.