An apparatus includes: an interface coupled to a memory device comprising a plurality of memory banks, each memory bank comprising a plurality of memory rows; and control circuitry coupled to the interface, wherein the control circuitry is configured to: detect an activation command directed to a memory bank of the plurality of memory banks; determine, based on a sampling criterion, a result representing whether to issue a refresh management command in response to the detected activation command; and issue, based on the result, the refresh management command directed to the memory bank via the interface.