Provided are a copper-doped silicon carbide composite, a preparation method and use thereof. The preparation method for the copper-doped silicon carbide composite includes subjecting a silicon- and carbon-containing precursor to arc plasma pyrolysis to obtain the copper-doped silicon carbide composite, where the silicon-and carbon-containing precursor includes an organochlorosilane; and a material of an anode used for the arc plasma pyrolysis includes copper.