In 3D display, a projection of each of a plurality of target relay images is calculated based on optical parameters of a display system including a microlens array. Each target relay image includes an array of intensity values representing an optical image to be formed by the microlens array. The projection is a calculated image array corresponding to an image to be displayed on a display device. Each projection is a conjugate of the respective target relay image. A total calculated image array is determined based on the calculated image arrays. A display image is generated on the display device based on the total calculated image array. A plurality of relay images are formed from the display image by the microlens array. Each relay image corresponds to the respective target relay image. A plurality of virtual images corresponding to the relay images are formed by an optical system.