Provided is a method for performing an aging test on a neural processing unit (NPU) with a capability of a runtime test. The method may comprise: performing an aging test on the NPU which comprises a plurality of functional components. The plurality of functional components may comprise at least one memory and plural processing elements. The performing of the aging test may include: performing a scan test on the NPU to verify whether at least one functional component in the NPU is defective or not; and performing a memory test on the at least one memory. At least one of the scan test and the memory test may be repeatedly performed to put a stress on the NPU for the aging test. The aging test may be repeated by a predetermined number.