The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and provides a railing for improving wind resistance stability and driving safety of long-span bridges. Under conventional wind speed and normal traffic conditions on a bridge deck, the inflated airbags tension the double-layer cable nets to ensure the stiffness of the double-layer cable nets in the bridge-transverse direction; the high-strength flexible double-layer cable nets and the inflated airbags endow the railing with both anti-collision tensile strength and buffering and energy absorption effects. Before the arrival of strong wind threatening the bridge, the airbags are rapidly deflated to loosen the double-layer cable nets, the self-resetting retractors rapidly stow the double-layer cable nets and the airbags into the uprights, and part or all of the railings are rapidly disassembled, thereby temporarily and greatly improving the wind resistance stability of the bridge.